从废感光胶片中回收银

研究了以Fe3 -乙二胺四乙酸二钠-N a2S2O3体系为浸取剂从废感光胶片中回收银的方法,考察了浸出银的最佳工艺条件。实验表明,当浸取剂中FeC l3.6H2O质量浓度为35g/L、N a2S2O3.5H2O质量浓度为150g/L、pH为7、固液质量比为3∶10时,浸取剂可重复使用6次,胶片上银的浸出率可达99%以上;浸取液中的银采用硼氢化钠还原回收,粗银粉配以熔剂高温熔炼可得到纯度达99.78%的银,银回收率达96.88%,回收银后的浸取液可循环使用。     

以造粒粉煤灰为过滤介质去除景观水中磷的研究

研究了造粒粉煤灰的最大磷吸附量、磷吸附速率等吸附特征，以及颗粒粒径、磷浓度、水力负荷对景观水除磷效果的影响。还进行了为期21天的连续过滤试验，发现滤床在高水力负荷条件下能持续地去除景观水中的磷。     

Oracle Data Guard在塔河数字林业中的应用与实现

根据塔河数字林业系统对数据库的可用性和数据的可恢复性以及恢复时间的要求,在众多备份技术中选择了Oracle Data Guard技术,本文针对这一技术,简要阐述了其概念和功能,并且详细介绍了其技术组件和工作原理.     

玉米芯为碳源实现酸性矿山废水生物处理

引入了一种新的碳源——玉米芯，对SRB法处理酸性矿山废水进行了更加深入的探索，分析了各种参数条件对s暖一还原效果的影响，确定了常温下这种碳源所需要的最适宜工况条件，探讨了硫酸盐矿山废水的水质资源化问题，并对山西矿山废水的生物治理进行了可行性实验验证。实验证明，玉米芯为碳源时，矿山废水中SO^2-4的出水值可达221．1mg／L，金属离子的浓度也都达到了生活饮用水的质量标准，所以玉米芯可作为酸性矿山废水资源化生物处理的合适有效碳源。     

城市污水除磷技术发展

磷是水体富营养化的一个主要限制因素，控制出水中磷的浓度尤其重要。污水除磷方法有生物除磷、化学除磷及生态除磷，也可将各种方法组合使用，如生物一化学除磷、生物一生态除磷等，实际应用中应根据具体情况选择适宜的除磷方法。     

人工湿地控制非点源污染的应用

随着点源污染的有效管理和控制，非点源污染已成为水环境污染的主要原因。人工湿地作为一种控制水环境非点源污染的有效工具，已被世界上很多国家所认可。本文首先简述了非点源污染的危害，其次对人工湿地的概念和类型进行了介绍，论述了人工湿地对非点源污染中氮、磷、重金属和农药等主要污染物的去除机理，最后对人工湿地处理系统的附属设施、水力因素、表土层以及植物收割等应用问题进行了探讨。     

整治塔里木河上、中游用水结构,恢复和重建下游绿色走廊

塔里木河下游的卡拉到罗布庄(台特马湖口)，河道长度491kin，塔河中、上游大规模水土开发，使其下游的水量不断减少。从20世纪70年代开始，大西海子水库就成了塔里木河最终归宿地，两大沙漠在绿色走廊的多处合拢。绿色走廊生态危机已越来越显露出来，遏制塔河下游生态恶化趋势刻不容缓，重新构筑绿色长城不能在延误了。笔者于2002-10月和2004—05月先后两次对塔河中、下游地区进行实地考察，在实地考察和前人研究资料的基础上，对整治塔河上、中游，恢复和重建下游绿色走廊问题进行探讨。     

抚顺石化公司硫磺回收装置的扩建和改造

抚顺石化分公司石油三厂原有硫磺回收装置的处理能力已经不能满足生产的需要,2002年对硫磺回收装置进行了扩建和改造。该装置采用了一段高温转化、二级催化转化的克劳斯工艺,采用揝SR敾乖?吸收工艺处理尾气。扩能改造后,新增的尾气处理能力与硫磺回收能力相配套,排放的废气符合国家现行的环保标准。该装置工艺路线合理、可靠,硫回收率高。     

Sustainable pattern analysis of a publicly owned Material Recovery Facility in a fast-growing urban setting under uncertainty

Sustainable development goals are achievable through the installation of Material Recovery Facilities (MRFs) in certain solid waste management systems, especially those in rapidly expanding multi-district urban areas. MRFs are a cost-effective alternative when curbside recycling does not demonstrate long-term success. Previous capacity planning uses mixed integer programming optimization for the urban center of the city of San Antonio, Texas to establish that a publicly owned material recovery facility is preferable to a privatized facility. As a companion study, this analysis demonstrates that a MRF alleviates economic, political, and social pressures facing solid waste management under uncertainty. It explores the impact of uncertainty in decision alternatives in an urban environmental system. From this unique angle, waste generation, incidence of recyclables in the waste stream, routing distances, recycling participation, and other planning components are taken as intervals to expand upon previous deterministic integer-programming models. The information incorporated into the optimization objectives includes economic impacts for recycling income and cost components in waste management. The constraint set consists of mass balance, capacity limitation, recycling limitation, scale economy, conditionality, and relevant screening restrictions. Due to the fragmented data set, a grey integer programming modeling approach quantifies the consequences of inexact information as it propagates through the final solutions in the optimization process. The grey algorithm screens optimal shipping patterns and an ideal MRF location and capacity. Two case settings compare MRF selection policies where optimal solutions exemplify the value of grey programming in the context of integrated solid waste management.     

Experimental investigation of a 250-kW turbine organic Rankine cycle system for low-grade waste heat recovery

An organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is generally used for converting low-grade heat into electricity. In this study, an extensive literature survey was conducted to identify current research gaps on experimental ORC systems. Specifically, there is limited experimental data and limited details on thermal and expander efficiencies of ORC systems. In order to address these gaps, the objective of this study included developing a turbine ORC with a power output exceeding 50 kW and thermal efficiency exceeding 8% for a heat source temperature < 120°C. The experimental results indicated that the system achieved a net power output of 242.5 kW and a thermal efficiency of 8.3% (the highest value for a turbine ORC system for the heat source temperature below 120°C). Thus, the study addressed the gaps identified in the research area of ORCs.